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Lifestyle certainly appears to play a role in the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia, and this includes nutrition as a major factor. This is a comprehensive review of observational studies and clinical trials assessing the association between nutrition and cognitive impairment. Nutrients and dietary groups containing them are reviewed. The strongest evidence appears to exist for healthy dietary patterns, like the Mediterranean diet, as a potentially protective factor. Evidence also suggests that B vitamins, flavonoids, vitamin D, and n-3 fatty acids may benefit cognitive function. In terms of food groups, the strongest evidence points to fish and vegetables as beneficial.
- The results are worth noting and have potential primary prevention and community health implications.